Mood Disorder: Understanding Types, Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis & Treatment

Overview

The mood disorders influence the way an individual thinks, functions and the way he or she feels. These are mental disorders that may lead to severe sadness, irritation or elevated mood past the normal up and down moods. Mood disorders are not an easy task, but they can be treated with the appropriate help and treatment. Knowledge of the symptoms, causes, and treatment options can make individuals seek help early enough and begin their emotional stability journey.

What is a Mood Disorder?

A mood disorder is a mental illness that is defined by the consistent fluctuating mood that interferes with normal life. These disorders affect emotional control resulting in continued experiences of depression, mania, or both. Mood disorders may take place in adults, teenagers, and even children and may influence relationships, productivity, sleep and well-being.

Mood disorders, in contrast to changes in mood that are short-term and as such are universal, are long-term emotional conditions that disrupt functionality.

What Are All the Mood Disorders?

Some of the mental illnesses that can be classified under the mood disorders are:

1. Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)

There is a feeling of sadness, hopelessness, a lack of interest lasting at least two weeks.

2. Persistent Depressive Disorder (Dysthymia)

The persistent and prolonged type of depression that cannot be cured in less than two years.

3. Bipolar Disorder I

Associated with manic episodes which can be interchanged with depressive episodes.

4. Bipolar Disorder II

Additionally involves hypomanic episodes as well as severe depression.

5. Cyclothymic Disorder

Milder variant of the bipolar disorder which is characterized by dips and high mania that vary at low levels.

6. Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD)

Depression feeling that is caused by seasonal change, usually starting during the fall or winter season.

7. Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder (DMDD)

Usually diagnosed in children, very irritable, and recurring temper tantrums.

What Are the Symptoms of Mood Disorders?

Depending on the type, the symptoms may include:

• Continuous moroseness or aggravatedness.

• According to the author, loss of interest in activities.

• Changes in appetite or sleep

• Fatigue or low energy

• Sense of uselessness or guilt.

• Difficulty concentrating

• Drastic mood swings (victims highs and lows)

• Risky or impulsive behavior during the mania.

• Self-harm and suicidal ideations.

When the symptoms persist over a period of weeks and they are causing disturbances to the normal life of an individual, professional assistance is required.

What Causes Mood Disorders?

Mood disorders can be acquired due to the combination of multiple factors:

1. Genetics

A history of depression or bipolar disorder in the family is risky.

2. Brain Chemistry

Dysregulation of neurotransmitters consisting of serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine can contribute to the regulation of mood.

3. Environmental Factors

Symptoms may be activated by trauma, stress, and significant life transitions and chronic diseases.

4. Hormonal Changes

It may be contributed by pregnancy, postpartum changes, thyroid issues, or menopause.

5. Personality Factors

Some personality types or coping styles can make one vulnerable.

How Are Mood Disorders Diagnosed?

Diagnosis is normally performed by a psychiatrist, psychologist or a licensed mental health provider. The process may include:

• Comprehensive clinical interview.

• Symptom evaluation

• Review of medical history

• Psychological assessments

• Medical tests: Rule-out of thyroid disorders etc.

Proper and effective treatment is achieved by clear diagnosis.

How Are Mood Disorders Treated?

Mood disorders can be greatly treated. Common approaches include:

1. Psychotherapy

Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT), Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) and interpersonal therapy assist people to acquire coping skills and cope up with symptoms.

2. Medication

The mood and symptoms can be controlled with the help of antidepressants, mood stabilizers, and antipsychotics.

3. Lifestyle Changes

Emotional stability is assisted with regular workouts, sleep patterns, eating habits and stress-relieving exercises.

4. Support Groups

Isolation can be minimized using peer support and encouragement could be given.

5. Integrated Treatment Programs

Holistic care involving therapy, medication administration and comprehensive care is generally the best.

Conclusion

Mood disorders are widespread yet very treatable provided that there is the appropriate care and treatment at an early age. Knowing the symptoms, causes and possible treatment options will enable people to make the first step to improved mental health. When you or your loved one is in the dying, a call to get some help can be the difference between life and death.

Mood Disorder: Could Use Some Help?

Solutions Healthcare provides evidence-based mental health care designed to care about your needs.

Call us today at (386) 866-3600 to begin your healing and emotional balance process.